Cartilage lesions are a common issue in clinical practice, and their treatment remains a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. These lesions can have various etiologies, including traumatic and degenerative causes, as well as pathologies like osteochondritis dissecans. Patient evaluation, based on clinical assessment and imaging, is necessary to accurately characterize a cartilage defect, followed by the most appropriate treatment. Surgical techniques for treating cartilage lesions can be classified into two main groups: those that do not involve reconstruction of the defect and those that do. Techniques without reconstruction include reparative methods such as joint lavage, debridement, and bone marrow stimulation procedures. Techniques involving reconstruction of cartilage defects include osteochondral autologous transplantation, osteochondral allografts, autologous chondrocyte transplantation, and the use of scaffolds. This chapter provides an overview of cartilage lesions, offering insights into their etiopathogenesis, classification, imaging, and treatment options.