Meniscal cysts are classified as intra-meniscal or para-meniscal based on their location. They are commonly associated with meniscal lesions, with horizontal lesions being prevalent. Risk factors include previous trauma and meniscal sutures, particularly with older all-inside stitches or in conjunction with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. These cysts affect the young-to-adult age group, with a male predominance. Meniscal cysts are usually asymptomatic and often discovered incidentally in radiological investigations. When symptomatic, patients may experience pain, swelling, occasional blockages, popping, or instability, and it is exacerbated by physical activity. Radiological evaluation involves X-rays, ultrasound, and MRI, which is the gold standard for diagnosis. Treatment options comprise conservative and surgical approaches. Conservative treatment includes fluid aspiration and steroid injection, often suitable for small cysts. Surgical treatments involve arthroscopic decompression, excision, or open resection, with additional drainage if needed. Addressing underlying meniscal lesions is essential. Clinical outcomes vary, with a preference for arthroscopic management. Recurrence rates vary based on the surgical technique. In conclusion, this chapter provides comprehensive information on meniscal cysts, aiding in understanding their nature and guiding treatment decisions.

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Meniscal Cyst

  • Alberto Grassi,
  • Nicolò Maitan,
  • Emanuele Altovino,
  • Luca Ambrosini,
  • Giovanni Balboni,
  • Stefano Zaffagnini

摘要

Meniscal cysts are classified as intra-meniscal or para-meniscal based on their location. They are commonly associated with meniscal lesions, with horizontal lesions being prevalent. Risk factors include previous trauma and meniscal sutures, particularly with older all-inside stitches or in conjunction with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. These cysts affect the young-to-adult age group, with a male predominance. Meniscal cysts are usually asymptomatic and often discovered incidentally in radiological investigations. When symptomatic, patients may experience pain, swelling, occasional blockages, popping, or instability, and it is exacerbated by physical activity. Radiological evaluation involves X-rays, ultrasound, and MRI, which is the gold standard for diagnosis. Treatment options comprise conservative and surgical approaches. Conservative treatment includes fluid aspiration and steroid injection, often suitable for small cysts. Surgical treatments involve arthroscopic decompression, excision, or open resection, with additional drainage if needed. Addressing underlying meniscal lesions is essential. Clinical outcomes vary, with a preference for arthroscopic management. Recurrence rates vary based on the surgical technique. In conclusion, this chapter provides comprehensive information on meniscal cysts, aiding in understanding their nature and guiding treatment decisions.