Subtalar arthroscopy assists in effective patient care. Some procedures are hard to do effectively without the assistance of arthroscopy as the dissection in an open procedure will result in the removal of critical blood supply. For example, reduction of a posterior talar body fracture or anterior lateral process fracture can result in a necrotic fracture fragment. Subtalar arthroscopy will allow fusion and synovectomy without the risk of wound breakdown. Outcomes are equivalent or superior to open procedures. Depending on the concomitant procedures, and the surgeon’s experience and choice, as well as the location of the pathology, the subtalar joint can be approached from either the lateral side or the posterior side. Posterior impingement in dancers and athletes allows treatment of the condition without the prolonged recovery of an open procedure, and allows better visualization of the posterior joint margin. Subtalar arthroscopy can be used for diagnosis in patients with conflicting imaging results.