A growing body of evidence suggests the contribution of chemical exposures to cardiometabolic risks across the early lifespan. This chapter focuses on heavy metals, which provide a useful case study in the benefits of prevention; bisphenols, used in aluminum can linings and thermal paper receipts; phthalates, used in cosmetics, personal care products, and food packaging; and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances used in nonstick cooking as well as oil- and water-resistant clothing. There are safe and simple steps for primary prevention and potential opportunities to reduce exposures in health care systems.