Renowned psychologist Kurt Lewin states that behavior is a function of the individual and the environment. Building on his seminal work, groups perform a similar function by responding to their environment through processes that generate behavioral outcomes. Motivation, in particular, accompanies goal-directed behavior determined at the group level, which aims to achieve a performance outcome. For gangs, these outcomes have contributed to variations in the scope and scale of their activity. Some gangs are motivated to stay local, while others expand. Some gangs are territorially motivated, while others are nomadic. Some gangs are entrepreneurial, while others maintain strong ideological convictions. Regardless of these differences, at their core, a gang is a network of individuals whose group processes facilitate goal attainment. By extension, gang networks are used to build alliances, generate synergistic effects, and coopt the state’s security apparatus. This chapter borrows from the first part of Lewin’s Equation to explain gang variation and the security threat posed by gang network connections within the context of fifth-generation warfare.