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The escalating levels of metal contamination in aquatic systems, driven by industrialization and urbanization, pose significant risks to our ecosystem. Conventional physicochemical methods for metal remediation and wastewater treatment have been proven effective, though they have high operational costs, low selectivity, and are associated with the emission of secondary pollutants. This chapter cites the emerging role of algae as sustainable and eco-friendly biocatalysts for the remediation of heavy metals in wastewater. It explores the underlying mechanisms of metal removal, including biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation performed by the algae in the remediation of critical metals such as Pb2⁺, Cd2⁺, Cu2⁺, Co2⁺, Cr(VI), Ni2⁺, Zn2⁺, Mn2⁺, As, and U. Furthermore, this chapter focused on the integration of innovative approaches like photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) and value recovery of metal in remediation of metal-contaminated water. This chapter emphasizes the transformative role of algae in environmental detoxification and resource recovery.

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Phycoremediation as a Green Solution for the Remediation of Metal Toxicity in Wastewater with Circular Bioeconomy Integration

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Jayaprakash Nayak,
  • Alok Prasad Das,
  • Sunil Kumar Behera

摘要

The escalating levels of metal contamination in aquatic systems, driven by industrialization and urbanization, pose significant risks to our ecosystem. Conventional physicochemical methods for metal remediation and wastewater treatment have been proven effective, though they have high operational costs, low selectivity, and are associated with the emission of secondary pollutants. This chapter cites the emerging role of algae as sustainable and eco-friendly biocatalysts for the remediation of heavy metals in wastewater. It explores the underlying mechanisms of metal removal, including biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation performed by the algae in the remediation of critical metals such as Pb2⁺, Cd2⁺, Cu2⁺, Co2⁺, Cr(VI), Ni2⁺, Zn2⁺, Mn2⁺, As, and U. Furthermore, this chapter focused on the integration of innovative approaches like photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) and value recovery of metal in remediation of metal-contaminated water. This chapter emphasizes the transformative role of algae in environmental detoxification and resource recovery.