Switzerland has experienced a 2 °C increase in average temperature since records began in 1864, along with a rise in extreme weather events. These climatic shifts impact both Swiss lives and infrastructure materials, intensifying the urgency to address greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Road constructions contributed about 0.7% to Switzerland’s annual GHG emissions in 2020, with asphalt production accounting for the largest share (~65%), emitting about 73 kgCO2eq. per tonne laid. Abatement strategies targeting asphalt can significantly contribute to a reduction of GHG emissions. However, strategies targeting identical material substitutions or temperature reduction compete with one another, limiting their combined impact. Synergies have been identified between material substitution and temperature reduction or recycling. The shift to bio-based materials as binders and aggregates is a promising strategy to compensate for remaining GHG emissions. Adding 1 to 36% of bio-based materials, such as biobinder or biochar, by mass of the mixture would result in a net-zero GHG emission asphalt mixture. Higher content of biomaterials may adversely affect performance, diminishing the compensation potential. Additionally, competition for bio-resources, driven by GHG emission reductions, added values and economic aspects of alternative applications, could limit their sustainable availability for asphalt production. The analysis of the future flows and stock development aligned with the Swiss long-term climate strategy revealed that abatement measures targeting asphalt composition and production reduce GHG emissions significantly. A reduction of 56% of the 1990 GHG emission level is possible in an envisioned scenario due to optimisation and reduction in fossil fuel consumption. With an increased use of biomaterials, a level of 12% could be reached by 2050. Future material flows and stocks will be influenced by recycling rates, the shift to biomaterials, rates of cascading materials used and the durability of road layers. Recycling and bio-based materials were identified as a possibility for achieving sustainable road infrastructure.