In the tropical regions of West and Central Africa, lateritic gravels are commonly used as road construction materials for base and sub-base layers, either with or without stabilizing agents. They mainly contain silica, aluminum and iron oxides. Based on their chemical nature, they can be classified as ferruginous or ferrallitic soils. Mineralogically, the lateritic gravels consist predominately of quartz, kaolinite, goethite and gibbsite. The chemical and mineralogical compositions of lateritic gravels play a crucial role in their interaction with stabilizing agents such as bitumen emulsion, cement and hydraulic lime, and possibly in the mechanical performance and durability of road materials. However, many African laboratories lack the equipment required to adequately evaluate the chemical and mineralogical compositions of lateritic gravels; therefore, their selection relies on geotechnical criteria. Several authors have attempted to associate the geotechnical and chemical parameters of laterite, but none have been able to deduce their mineralogical family. This paper aims to establish a correlation between the physical and chemical properties of lateritic gravels. Ten different samples from various African countries were thoroughly characterized based on geotechnical, chemical and mineralogical analyses. In particular, their particle size distribution, Atterberg limits and density were measured and compared with the crystalline structure and the elemental composition assessed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence respectively. The results demonstrate a strong correspondence between the density and oxide contents of the lateritic gravels, allowing for classification as ferruginous or ferrallitic soils. The established correlation provides a valuable complement to geotechnical characterization, helping in the selection of appropriate stabilizing agents for lateritic gravels.