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Mediastinal masses can be of benign or malignant origins. Most common lesions include thymic abnormalities, lymphomas, and cysts. Chest CT is usually the first-line method for the exploration of mediastinal masses, but mediastinal MRI and PET/CT can be performed for characterization, staging, and follow-up purposes. Several quantitative parameters can be used, based on attenuation measurements on CT, in-phase and out-phase and diffusion-weighed sequences on MRI, and standard uptake value-derived features on PET/CT. Some of these parameters are now used in routine practice. More recently, advanced radiomic-derived variables have been investigated to further explore the links between pathophysiology and imaging.

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Quantitative Imaging of Mediastinal Masses

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Constance de Margerie-Mellon,
  • Caroline Caramella,
  • Estelle Blanc-Autran,
  • Laetitia Vercellino

摘要

Mediastinal masses can be of benign or malignant origins. Most common lesions include thymic abnormalities, lymphomas, and cysts. Chest CT is usually the first-line method for the exploration of mediastinal masses, but mediastinal MRI and PET/CT can be performed for characterization, staging, and follow-up purposes. Several quantitative parameters can be used, based on attenuation measurements on CT, in-phase and out-phase and diffusion-weighed sequences on MRI, and standard uptake value-derived features on PET/CT. Some of these parameters are now used in routine practice. More recently, advanced radiomic-derived variables have been investigated to further explore the links between pathophysiology and imaging.