Quantitative imaging modalities are promising methods for improving lung cancer identification and follow-up, as they use more accurate parameters than subjective analyses for assessment and prediction of treatment response, thus optimizing care for individual patients. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used for clinical indication of lung cancer, various limitations have hampered the clinical application of this technique for thoracic and lung diseases. It has recently been suggested that advancements in MRI, such as dynamic first-pass contrast-enhanced (CE)-perfusion MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), or chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging, can be effective for nodule assessment, tumor staging, and therapeutic effect prediction or evaluation in routine clinical practice or academic studies. This chapter deals with the basics of perfusion imaging, DWI, and CEST imaging as well as clinical applications of quantitative assessment using these three MR methods for patients with pulmonary nodules, masses, or lung cancer.