It is offered that logic is the cognitive ability to grasp, understand and utilize the notion of necessity. As there are no necessary facts in the world, necessity is learned and utilized by way of formal logical systems, (including mathematics). It is argued that formal logical systems are “concretizations” (manifestations, exemplifications, elucidations) of the basically intuitive notion of strict necessity. A refutation of logical relativism is offered. A case for logical absolutism is made in its place. Strict logical necessity as that which could not be otherwise is established as an absolute notion. Thus, the necessary status of valid logical inferences and of tautologies (and contradictions) could not be relative to anything, including some “other” consciousness (like an “intelligent alien”).

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Necessity and Logic

  • David Graves

摘要

It is offered that logic is the cognitive ability to grasp, understand and utilize the notion of necessity. As there are no necessary facts in the world, necessity is learned and utilized by way of formal logical systems, (including mathematics). It is argued that formal logical systems are “concretizations” (manifestations, exemplifications, elucidations) of the basically intuitive notion of strict necessity. A refutation of logical relativism is offered. A case for logical absolutism is made in its place. Strict logical necessity as that which could not be otherwise is established as an absolute notion. Thus, the necessary status of valid logical inferences and of tautologies (and contradictions) could not be relative to anything, including some “other” consciousness (like an “intelligent alien”).