The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is one of the most widely used theoretical frameworks for analyzing the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. This paper focuses on testing the validity of the EKC hypothesis in the context of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the transport sector - globally, which is considered one of the largest sources of emissions and a key challenge for achieving climate goals. By analyzing sectoral data, the study aims to determine whether the inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and transport-related emissions can be observed, as well as to identify the factors that have a decisive impact on their dynamics. Special attention is devoted to economic and structural determinants, such as GDP per capita, foreign direct investment, imports and exports (as a percentage of GDP), energy consumption, the use of renewable energy sources, and the share of the urban population. The results provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics of emissions in the transport sector and serve as a basis for designing public policies aimed at reducing emissions while maintaining economic growth.