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This paper investigates the hygrothermal performance of plaster systems made from lime-cement and natural hydraulic lime (NHL) plasters, applied on EPS, wood fibre board, phenolic foam and mineral wool insulation. Seven months of measurement results from a freestanding outdoor test wall are presented. The setup consists of 18 sections on four different insulation materials oriented towards both North and South. For each insulation type, both a thin lime-cement plaster system and a thick NHL plaster system were applied. Furthermore, the lower parts of all the wall sections were treated with a hydrophobing agent. Basic hygrothermal properties of all facade plasters utilized in this study were measured. Following the initial curing and drying phase, temperature and relative humidity (RH) data from August 2024 to March 2025 were analysed. Moisture dynamics between north - and south-facing facades were compared, and differences attributable to various insulation materials and plaster types were analysed. Additionally, the influence of hydrophobic treatment on the moisture regime of facade plasters was evaluated. The findings reveal significant seasonal variations in relative humidity behind thick versus thin plaster systems. As anticipated, thick plasters combined with hygroscopic insulation materials exhibited substantially greater moisture inertia compared to thin plaster systems applied over vapour-tight, hygrophobic substrates. Some sections showed early indications of biological growth following the first winter and require further research.

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Preliminary Field Study on Hygrothermal Performance of ETICS Using Thick Lime Plasters on Various Insulation Materials for Historic Buildings in Wet and Cold Climate

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Martin Talvik,
  • Paul Klõšeiko,
  • Kristina Vilba,
  • Mattias Põldaru,
  • Henri Olak,
  • Targo Kalamees

摘要

This paper investigates the hygrothermal performance of plaster systems made from lime-cement and natural hydraulic lime (NHL) plasters, applied on EPS, wood fibre board, phenolic foam and mineral wool insulation. Seven months of measurement results from a freestanding outdoor test wall are presented. The setup consists of 18 sections on four different insulation materials oriented towards both North and South. For each insulation type, both a thin lime-cement plaster system and a thick NHL plaster system were applied. Furthermore, the lower parts of all the wall sections were treated with a hydrophobing agent. Basic hygrothermal properties of all facade plasters utilized in this study were measured. Following the initial curing and drying phase, temperature and relative humidity (RH) data from August 2024 to March 2025 were analysed. Moisture dynamics between north - and south-facing facades were compared, and differences attributable to various insulation materials and plaster types were analysed. Additionally, the influence of hydrophobic treatment on the moisture regime of facade plasters was evaluated. The findings reveal significant seasonal variations in relative humidity behind thick versus thin plaster systems. As anticipated, thick plasters combined with hygroscopic insulation materials exhibited substantially greater moisture inertia compared to thin plaster systems applied over vapour-tight, hygrophobic substrates. Some sections showed early indications of biological growth following the first winter and require further research.