This chapter explores the fundamentals of self-help in conflict resolution. While this section focuses on establishing core concepts and theories about the topic, the main challenges in systematically addressing it stem from these very aspects. The aim is not only to dispel the stigmas around self-help but also to define clear boundaries to prevent it from being mistaken for other forms of exerting power or exceeding what is permitted by the Brazilian legal system. Furthermore, its inclusion within the broader framework of self-empowerment strategies aims to highlight the complexity and fluidity with which disputes are resolved in both public and private settings. These aspects are often overlooked due to strict classification.