One of the main solutions for diesel engines’ emission reduction is external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), which can be used to control the properties of the intake charge of the cylinder. The composition changes mainly, but the boost pressure and temperature can also change. Several methods are applicable for external exhaust gas recirculation on a turbocharged diesel engine. This article will compare four methods, where intake throttles or exhaust brakes support the low and high pressure exhaust gas recirculation modes. The measurement results evaluate the engine’s fuel consumption (and thus carbon dioxide emissions), nitrogen oxide emissions, and exhaust gas opacity. The comparison is based on stationary operation points, so the difference in reaction time of each mode does not appear in the evaluation. This article ranks the exhaust gas recirculation methods based on emission aspects. Moreover, based on the experimental results, the detailed operation of the external exhaust gas recirculation system will be presented with a flowchart, completing the well-known processes with the cooperation between EGR and turbocharging.