Fluctuating climatic conditions, marked by extreme temperatures, irregular rainfall, and increased pest attacks, have significantly affected traditional sericulture. A potential remedy is the incorporation of advantageous microorganisms into sericulture procedures, which will increase the productivity and resilience of silkworms and host plants alike. Plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPRs) including endophytic bacteria improve soil quality, enhance uptake of nutrients, and increase host-plant resistance to abiotic stress. Addressing issues brought on by soil degradation and climate change, PGPRs can be included into sericulture farming methods to achieve crop yield and environmental sustainability. Additionally, probiotic microbiota are essential in fortifying silkworm immunity, reducing the incidence of diseases, and ensuring higher silk yields. The symbiotic relationship between insect and its gut microbiomes not only sustains silk productivity under changing climatic conditions but also contributes to sustainable and eco-friendly practices of agriculture. The adoption of these microbial biotechnology-based technologies supports eco-friendly sericulture by minimizing the demand for chemical fertilizers/pesticides and thus minimize the environmental pollution. Moreover, the application of microbial biotechnology in sericulture opens new avenues for developing novel bio-based solutions, which can also be extended to other related sectors. Nevertheless, ensuring the quality and stability of microbial products is challenging due to environmental factors, shelf life, storage conditions, and production standards. It is imperative to develop government regulatory frameworks to ensure the safe use of microbial biotechnological innovations in open sericulture. It is recommended to develop region-specific microbial solutions for sericulture to address local climatic and soil conditions.