Chowk Poorana is a ritual folk art tradition from Uttar Pradesh, India, primarily practiced by Hindu women during festivals and sacred observances. Characterized by intricate motifs drawn on floors and walls, it embodies deep cultural and religious significance. Despite its rich heritage, Chowk Poorana remains largely understudied, particularly in terms of its compositional structures, symbolic meanings, and relevance to contemporary design frameworks. This study examines Chowk Poorana, created during the Harchhath Mata (Goddess Harchhath) fast in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, focusing on its visual design and ritual symbolism through ethnographic documentation and systematic visual analysis. Our findings reveal the distinctiveness of Harchhath Chowk Poorana: unlike other festival Chowk Poorana, it is drawn on the wall, retained for an entire year, and marked by unique puppets symbolizing maternal blessings and sibling protection. Through the lens of universal design elements and principles and an understanding of the regional cultural context, our analysis uncovers how Harchhath Chowk Poorana weaves together symbolic storytelling, spatial organization, and the use of natural, sustainable materials and functioning as both an aesthetic system and a cultural archive. As a living repository of memory and identity, sustained by women’s authorship and intergenerational transmission, Harchhath Chowk Poorana demonstrates how indigenous visual systems encode cosmology, values, and social roles. This study contributes to the documentation and preservation of intangible cultural heritage while also positioning Chowk Poorana as a reference point for contemporary design discourse, pedagogy, and reinterpretation.