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Powder size distribution (PSD) strongly influences green densityDensity, densification, and dimensional stability during sinteringSintering in binder jet additive manufacturingAdditive manufacturing (BJAM). This study employed dilatometryDilatometry to analyze the dimensional evolution of cubicCubic 316L stainless steelStainless steel samples fabricated by binder jetting, focusing on the influence of PSD on anisotropyAnisotropy and microstructural development. Two powders were investigated under identical conditions: MIM-cut with a narrow PSD and LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut with a broader PSD. MIM-cut samples exhibited higher linear shrinkage in the Z- and X-directions (17.8% and 12.6%, respectively) compared to LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut samples (15% and 12.4%, respectively) at the maximum sinteringSintering temperatureTemperature. The anisotropyAnisotropy shrinkage ratio (ASR) exceeded 1.4 for MIM-cut samples, while LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut samples showed a lower ASR (~ 1.2) due to their broader PSD, which promoted higher green densityDensity and more isotropic shrinkage. Despite their lower initial green densityDensity, MIM-cut specimens achieved a higher final relative densityDensity (~ 97%) than LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut specimens (~ 95%), owing to enhanced densification kineticsKinetic provided by their finer, narrower PSD. These findings highlight the critical role of PSD in governing densification, dimensional accuracy, and microstructural development in binder jet additive manufacturingAdditive manufacturing.

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Effect of Powder Size Distribution on Anisotropic Shrinkage of Binder Jet 316L Stainless Steel Parts

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Khadijeh Esmati,
  • Waris Nawaz Khan,
  • Srinivas Pendurti,
  • Arunkumar Natarajan,
  • Étienne Martin

摘要

Powder size distribution (PSD) strongly influences green densityDensity, densification, and dimensional stability during sinteringSintering in binder jet additive manufacturingAdditive manufacturing (BJAM). This study employed dilatometryDilatometry to analyze the dimensional evolution of cubicCubic 316L stainless steelStainless steel samples fabricated by binder jetting, focusing on the influence of PSD on anisotropyAnisotropy and microstructural development. Two powders were investigated under identical conditions: MIM-cut with a narrow PSD and LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut with a broader PSD. MIM-cut samples exhibited higher linear shrinkage in the Z- and X-directions (17.8% and 12.6%, respectively) compared to LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut samples (15% and 12.4%, respectively) at the maximum sinteringSintering temperatureTemperature. The anisotropyAnisotropy shrinkage ratio (ASR) exceeded 1.4 for MIM-cut samples, while LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut samples showed a lower ASR (~ 1.2) due to their broader PSD, which promoted higher green densityDensity and more isotropic shrinkage. Despite their lower initial green densityDensity, MIM-cut specimens achieved a higher final relative densityDensity (~ 97%) than LPBFLaser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)-cut specimens (~ 95%), owing to enhanced densification kineticsKinetic provided by their finer, narrower PSD. These findings highlight the critical role of PSD in governing densification, dimensional accuracy, and microstructural development in binder jet additive manufacturingAdditive manufacturing.