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In this study, three-dimensional macroporousMicrowave titanium-based composites were synthesized as dental implantsPorous implant by microwave sinteringMicrowave sintering of mixed powders of Ti6Al4V, fluorohydroxyapatiteFluorohydroxyapatite (FHA), and TiB2 at 1050 °C for 30 min in argon using 0–10 wt.% urea with a particle size of 150–250 μm as a temporary space holder material. The results demonstrated that increasing urea addition led to a linear increase in porosity and enhanced microwaveMicrowave absorption, thereby promoting boronization of the titanium alloyTitanium alloy. With the urea addition was no more than 4 wt.% urea, most FHA was retained. The mechanical propertiesMechanical properties of the composite declined significantly, with the compressive modulus decreasing from 10.4 to 2.0 GPa. Higher urea addition resulted in a notable reduction in the crystallinity of FHA, and the changes in mechanical propertiesMechanical properties of the composite became more gradual. Microwave sinteringMicrowave sintering with the addition of 4 wt.% urea produced a boronized Ti6Al4V/FHA composite with a three-dimensional macroporous structure exhibited the ultra-low compressive modulus of 2.0 GPa, compressive strength of 83 MPa, microhardness of 183 HV, and water contact angle of 32.1°, making it suitable for compromised-bone implantation.

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Microwave-Assisted Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Macroporous Titanium-Based Composites for Compromised-Bone Implantation

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Shangyong Zuo,
  • Xiupeng Zhu,
  • Qian Peng,
  • Morsi M. Mahmoud,
  • Zhiwei Peng

摘要

In this study, three-dimensional macroporousMicrowave titanium-based composites were synthesized as dental implantsPorous implant by microwave sinteringMicrowave sintering of mixed powders of Ti6Al4V, fluorohydroxyapatiteFluorohydroxyapatite (FHA), and TiB2 at 1050 °C for 30 min in argon using 0–10 wt.% urea with a particle size of 150–250 μm as a temporary space holder material. The results demonstrated that increasing urea addition led to a linear increase in porosity and enhanced microwaveMicrowave absorption, thereby promoting boronization of the titanium alloyTitanium alloy. With the urea addition was no more than 4 wt.% urea, most FHA was retained. The mechanical propertiesMechanical properties of the composite declined significantly, with the compressive modulus decreasing from 10.4 to 2.0 GPa. Higher urea addition resulted in a notable reduction in the crystallinity of FHA, and the changes in mechanical propertiesMechanical properties of the composite became more gradual. Microwave sinteringMicrowave sintering with the addition of 4 wt.% urea produced a boronized Ti6Al4V/FHA composite with a three-dimensional macroporous structure exhibited the ultra-low compressive modulus of 2.0 GPa, compressive strength of 83 MPa, microhardness of 183 HV, and water contact angle of 32.1°, making it suitable for compromised-bone implantation.