Determining the Best Battery Alternative for Electric Vehicles Through Spherical Fuzzy MCDM
摘要
The switch to electric cars is slowed down because we don’t have batteries that are good enough. We need batteries that charge fast, last a long time on a single charge, have a long overall lifespan, and don’t cost too much. It’s not just about making better batteries, though. We also need to consider how we choose the companies that make them. Most of the time, when people figure out how to best set up EV charging or pick a battery, they only focus on money and how reliable the batteries are. This approach ignores important social and environmental issues. As a result, the solutions they come up with aren’t as good as they could be, and they can be unfair. This research outlines an integrated method for choosing the best electric vehicle (EV) battery alternatives. While lithium-ion \( \left({\mathcal{B}}_1\right) \) batteries currently lead the market, research is quickly advancing to find new solutions. Promising alternatives like solid state \( \left({\mathcal{B}}_2\right) \) , sodium-ion \( \left({\mathcal{B}}_3\right) \) , and lithium sulfur \( \left({\mathcal{B}}_4\right) \) batteries are being developed to tackle issues of cost, resource availability, and performance. A complete comparison of these different battery types requires a comprehensive look at various performance and suitability factors. This paper compares electric vehicle (EV) batteries based on several key factors such as energy density (Ƒ1), cycle life(Ƒ2), safety(Ƒ3), charging speed(Ƒ4), temperature performance(Ƒ5) and cost (Ƒ6).