Uricase-Based Electrode with Molybdenum Trioxide Nanozymes for Uric Acid Detection for Biomedical Application
摘要
This study reports the development of a uricase-based electrode with molybdenum trioxide (MoO₃) nanozymes for the detection of uric acid. The reaction begins when uricase catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid into hydrogen peroxide, which is subsequently oxidized by the nanozymes acting as peroxidase mimics. This allows for the indirect detection of uric acid without the need for electrochemical mediators. Nanozymes are not only more stable than traditional enzymes under variations in temperature and pH, but also more cost-effective compared to peroxidase, thus reducing production costs of the electrode without compromising its performance. MoO₃ nanozymes were synthesized via the sol-gel method and subsequently characterized. The electrode was fabricated by immobilizing both uricase and the nanozymes onto a glassy carbon electrode. The nanozyme activity was characterized using colorimetric methods. Additionally, the electrochemical performance of the developed electrode was evaluated through Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) in the presence of different uric acid concentrations. Based on the measured current density, a calibration curve was constructed (R2 = 0.997), and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.18 mg/dL was calculated, which, as indicated, suggests potential biomedical applications using various physiological samples such as blood.