Regarding its historical roots and cultural heritage from European countries, such as Spain and Portugal, there is a trend to study Latin America through a European lens, concepts, and realities. This also applies to regionalist dynamics, such as the creation and evolution of regional institutions and governance (Mercosur, Unasur, Andean Community, etc.) and their relations with extra-regional powers or institutions. By focusing on the South American region and exploring alternative approaches, rather than relying solely on European integration theories, this essay seeks to offer a deeper and comprehensive understanding of the South American region and regionalism.