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This study evaluates engineered stone with ~ 85% by weight of black granite waste in polymeric matrices and tests whether silane coupling agentsCoupling agents improve performance without increasing resin content. A simplex lattice packing study selected a trimodal gradation (2/3 coarse, 1/6 medium, 1/6 fine) that maximized vibrated density; slabs were produced by vacuum vibrocompaction and hot pressing under fixed conditions. Two epoxiesEpoxy and two polyesters were evaluated with specific silanes—γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane for epoxiesEpoxy and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane for polyestersPolyester resin. With silane, bulk density increased and open porosity and water absorption decreased, accompanied by gains in flexural strength of ~ 16–38%. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated higher characteristic/onset temperatures and lower mass loss, exemplified by 310.3 → 330.2 °C with a 29.26% reduction in loss for the low-viscosity epoxyEpoxy and 345.1 → 355.8 °C with a 12.10% reduction for the isophthalic polyester. Scanning electron microscopyScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed more compact interfaces and suppressed particle removal. These results align with a mechanism of siloxane anchoring to silicates and covalent bonding to the matrix (amine-epoxyEpoxy or thiol-ene), supporting circular-economy objectives by enabling high waste loads. Overall, coupling agentsCoupling agents demonstrate clear potential in engineered stone compositions, as they reliably optimize properties.

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Influence of the Addition of Coupling Agents on the Composition of Agglomerated Rocks in a Polymer Matrix

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Marcelo Barcellos Reis,
  • Júlia Audrem Gomes de Oliveira Fadul,
  • Elaine Aparecida Santos Carvalho,
  • Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua,
  • Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes,
  • Afonso Rangel Garcez Azevedo,
  • Sérgio Neves Monteiro,
  • Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira

摘要

This study evaluates engineered stone with ~ 85% by weight of black granite waste in polymeric matrices and tests whether silane coupling agentsCoupling agents improve performance without increasing resin content. A simplex lattice packing study selected a trimodal gradation (2/3 coarse, 1/6 medium, 1/6 fine) that maximized vibrated density; slabs were produced by vacuum vibrocompaction and hot pressing under fixed conditions. Two epoxiesEpoxy and two polyesters were evaluated with specific silanes—γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane for epoxiesEpoxy and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane for polyestersPolyester resin. With silane, bulk density increased and open porosity and water absorption decreased, accompanied by gains in flexural strength of ~ 16–38%. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated higher characteristic/onset temperatures and lower mass loss, exemplified by 310.3 → 330.2 °C with a 29.26% reduction in loss for the low-viscosity epoxyEpoxy and 345.1 → 355.8 °C with a 12.10% reduction for the isophthalic polyester. Scanning electron microscopyScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed more compact interfaces and suppressed particle removal. These results align with a mechanism of siloxane anchoring to silicates and covalent bonding to the matrix (amine-epoxyEpoxy or thiol-ene), supporting circular-economy objectives by enabling high waste loads. Overall, coupling agentsCoupling agents demonstrate clear potential in engineered stone compositions, as they reliably optimize properties.