Tea forests (forest-tea gardens) are agroforestry systems managed by people since ancient times with important biocultural and economic values. Guizhou Province is both a primary origin and a significant resource bank of tea with extensive tea forests yet to be fully explored. We predicted the potential distribution areas of tea forests in Guizhou Province by using the MaxEnt model. The area under the curve (AUC) value of our model is 0.984, indicating that the prediction is reliable. Field survey data at the predicted locations corroborated the accuracy of the MaxEnt model. Our prediction showed tea forests were concentrated in three autonomous prefectures, Anshun, Zunyi, and Tongren, of Guizhou Province, and Anshun City has the highest potential, while the Weining area (Bijie City) has the lowest potential. Precipitation of the Driest Month (bio14) emerged as the most significant climatic factor influencing the distribution of tea forests across Guizhou. Plants from the Rosaceae family may be among the preferred companion plants for tea trees, though the precise reasons remain to be investigated. The integration of ArcGIS and MaxEnt provides a robust scientific basis for the protection, management, and resource assessment of tea forests in Guizhou.