This study looked into the behavioral antecedents of Islamic finance adoption among household consumers in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) by focusing on the mediation effect of risk attitude in the context of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). With data collected from 416 respondents and an analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the results showed that both attitude and perceived behavioral control (PBC) have a direct and indirect effect on the intention to adopt Islamic finance. Risk attitude was a significant mediator of those relationships, suggesting that the perceived risk of loss or gain was an important part of participants’ decisions in regard to finances. In contrast, subjective norms were not significant in predicting the intention. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the measurement model had adequate reliability and validity; model fit indices (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.072 and Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.759) confirmed a good fit. The study’s conclusion suggests that generating increased risk awareness and personal financial confidence might work better than social influence alone in supporting Islamic finance. Such findings provide practical knowledge for financial institutions and policymakers to improve Islamic financial inclusion in various cultural and economic contexts, as is the case with BARMM.