The generalization of digital surveying techniques has significantly improved the capacity to capture the geometry of complex vaulted structures in historic buildings. Yet, extracting meaningful data from 3D point clouds can be tiresome and inaccurate without automated and unequivocal methods. This contribution provides a straightforward pipeline to analyze 3D meshes of vaults, arches and domes. Our workflow relies on ReVault, an open-source Grasshopper script inside the modelling environment of Rhinoceros. In this paper, the application of ReVault is explained with the analysis and reverse engineering of medieval vaults to reveal their original design principles (e.g., radii of the centerings, proportions), construction techniques (e.g., traces of formwork) and current condition (e.g. material loss, deformations). In addition, the tool enables the creation of precise 3D reconstructions, which can be used for further structural analyses or HBIM modelling. Three case studies are presented: the church of St Philibert in Tournus (11th century), the Cathedral of St Peter in Lisieux (12th century) and the Basilica of St Anthony in Padua (13th century). The analysis of 3D meshes within ReVault shows how a new level of historical, constructional and structural information can be attained, based on digital models, enhancing documentation and preservation efforts of heritage buildings.