This study proposes a procedure for the seismic rehabilitation of existing bridges of varying code compliance and expected service life, based on an acceptable value of seismic collapse risk. Five steps are proposed for the application of the methodology. The proposed procedure is applied to an existing reinforced concrete bridge located in Switzerland. A finite element model is developed for the seismic assessment of the bridge, which is performed according to the Swiss Seismic Code Provisions. Different failure mechanisms of the bridge piers have been explored for the determination of the force-based seismic compliance of the bridge. The seismic rehabilitation of the bridge using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips is engineered to satisfy the risk-based performance objectives for the bridge, expressed by its probability of collapse for predetermined values of its target seismic compliance and remaining service life. The presented methodology aims to provide structure-specific, risk-based tools for the seismic rehabilitation of bridges in Switzerland and worldwide.