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In the western region between the Montes de Toledo and the Tajo River, traditional building techniques remained largely unchanged until the mid-20th century. In mountainous areas, beam spans were dictated by the natural dimensions of local tree species, such as holm oaks and chestnuts, with their irregular forms functioning as proto-trusses. Closer to the river, in the fertile Vega, access to larger pine timbers from the Gredos range enabled greater spans and structural complexity. This transition from organic to more calculated geometries reflects a shift towards mathematical and geometrical precision in construction. The study examines this evolution, emphasizing the role of local materials in shaping architectural practices and the adaptation of building techniques to enhance efficiency and durability. By tracing these transformations, the research provides insights into the intersection of vernacular knowledge and material constraints in the development of traditional architecture.

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From Botanical Geometry to Squaring Techniques: Traditional Timber Structures Between Toledo Mountains and River Tagus in Spain

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Adelaida del Puerto García

摘要

In the western region between the Montes de Toledo and the Tajo River, traditional building techniques remained largely unchanged until the mid-20th century. In mountainous areas, beam spans were dictated by the natural dimensions of local tree species, such as holm oaks and chestnuts, with their irregular forms functioning as proto-trusses. Closer to the river, in the fertile Vega, access to larger pine timbers from the Gredos range enabled greater spans and structural complexity. This transition from organic to more calculated geometries reflects a shift towards mathematical and geometrical precision in construction. The study examines this evolution, emphasizing the role of local materials in shaping architectural practices and the adaptation of building techniques to enhance efficiency and durability. By tracing these transformations, the research provides insights into the intersection of vernacular knowledge and material constraints in the development of traditional architecture.