Exploring Structural Form: A Qualitative Computational Approach
摘要
Structural form represents the union of art and technique, shaped not only by aesthetic considerations but also by construction methods. These forms are often complex to design and comprehend. This paper presents a methodology for the qualitative analysis of structural forms, emphasizing how simple models can stimulate creativity in architectural and structural design. Inspired by Robert Maillart’s vision in design, the approach advocates qualitative evaluation before engaging in complex quantitative analysis. The proposed methodology utilizes structural analysis software to focus on elastic form and bending moments, thus minimizing the need for extensive theoretical knowledge. For this purpose, the FTOOL software was selected due to its accessibility and effectiveness, though other suitable tools may also be used. The method applies to a simple bar model, maintaining geometric proportionality to ensure consistent and reliable evaluations. Grounded in similarity theory, traditionally employed in small-scale physical models, it enhances structural understanding for architecture students and others without an extensive engineering background. The methodology is demonstrated through case studies of the Berlin and Waterloo Stations, each highlighting formal choices and structural challenges that illustrate the practical application of the approach. Additionally, a historical case study of Crown Hall is included, showcasing how the method can be adapted to existing architectural works. Results indicate that this approach simplifies experimentation with structural forms, allowing for adjustments that enhance aesthetic outcomes. By integrating qualitative analysis with computational tools, this methodology deepens the understanding of structural behavior and complements architectural theory. As a practical and educational resource, it fosters creativity and innovation in structural design.