Exploration is crucial for the development and survival of individuals. This chapter argues that intellectual abilities are an important factor for exploration. Most exploration techniques, however, require different skill sets. As a result, different people could choose to specialize in different types of exploration depending on their relative advantages. Furthermore, the relative importance of different forms of exploration is expected to vary across societies. The chapter also argues that emerging new technologies provide new means for exploration and the people and societies that can utilize these technologies will be significantly advantaged.