Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) has significantly advanced wound care in vascular surgery, particularly for groin incisions. This technology applies controlled negative pressure to remove fluid, decrease bacterial presence, and encourage the growth of granulation tissue. NPWT is used in managing groin incisions after vascular procedures like bypass grafting and endovascular aneurysm repair. It effectively addresses complications such as infection, hematoma, graft exposure, and lymphoceles in open wounds. Prophylactic use of NPWT on closed incisions shows promise in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs), promoting faster healing, and minimizing swelling and pain. However, careful consideration of graft integrity, bleeding risk, and appropriate dressing selection is essential in vascular surgery patients. Vascular surgery patients often have comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension that impair wound healing and increase infection risk. Studies indicate that NPWT can reduce SSIs, shorten hospital stays, and improve overall wound healing rates in these patients. NPWT works by optimizing the wound environment through fluid removal, reduced tissue edema and tension, and improved perfusion, thereby strengthening the incision’s defenses against bacterial invasion. It can also help to evacuate microscopic hematomas or seromas that could lead to bacterial growth.