This study investigates the impact of signal filtering on the interpretation of bender element test results for shear wave measurements in soil samples, with particular attention to phase shift and amplitude attenuation induced by the combined action of high-pass (HP) and low-pass (LP) filters applied to pulse-type excitation signals. Experiments were conducted using bender elements in three orthogonal directions through a sand sample, aiming to characterize wave propagation under realistic conditions. The HP filter was analyzed through frequency responses of the received signals, which consistently exhibited non-dominant amplitudes near 1000 Hz across frequency sweep tests, suggesting a potential for waveform distortion. In contrast, a 40 kHz LP filter was selected due to its minimal effect on signal components within the excitation frequency range. To quantify the induced phase shift, simulated pulse-type signals were used, enabling the evaluation of phase displacement at the first peak of the received waveform—a critical parameter for accurate arrival time determination. The findings demonstrate that phase shifts introduced by filtering vary with frequency and can significantly affect time-domain analysis techniques such as peak-to-peak and cross-correlation methods. This highlights the importance of carefully assessing filter effects in experimental setups in soils and frequency sweeps to ensure reliable estimation of shear wave velocity and associated stiffness parameters.

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Effects of Signal Filtering on Shear Wave Velocity in Soils

  • Daniella Escribano,
  • Juan San Martín,
  • Cristian Vicuña

摘要

This study investigates the impact of signal filtering on the interpretation of bender element test results for shear wave measurements in soil samples, with particular attention to phase shift and amplitude attenuation induced by the combined action of high-pass (HP) and low-pass (LP) filters applied to pulse-type excitation signals. Experiments were conducted using bender elements in three orthogonal directions through a sand sample, aiming to characterize wave propagation under realistic conditions. The HP filter was analyzed through frequency responses of the received signals, which consistently exhibited non-dominant amplitudes near 1000 Hz across frequency sweep tests, suggesting a potential for waveform distortion. In contrast, a 40 kHz LP filter was selected due to its minimal effect on signal components within the excitation frequency range. To quantify the induced phase shift, simulated pulse-type signals were used, enabling the evaluation of phase displacement at the first peak of the received waveform—a critical parameter for accurate arrival time determination. The findings demonstrate that phase shifts introduced by filtering vary with frequency and can significantly affect time-domain analysis techniques such as peak-to-peak and cross-correlation methods. This highlights the importance of carefully assessing filter effects in experimental setups in soils and frequency sweeps to ensure reliable estimation of shear wave velocity and associated stiffness parameters.