This chapter argues that pathological disembodiment is not a homogeneous experience, but a structurally differentiated phenomenon resulting from distinct disruptions within the system that sustains bodily selfhood. Through the analysis of clinical conditions such as body integrity identity disorder (BIID), depersonalization/derealization disorder (DD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia, and anorexia nervosa (AN), the chapter shows that disembodiment emerges when specific dimensions of bodily subjectivity—body ownership, agency, body schema, or body image—become destabilized. Although these dimensions are conceptually distinct, they function as an integrated system; disruption in one domain often propagates through the others, producing complex patterns of bodily alienation. Each condition presents a different entry point into disembodiment: BIID involves a selective breakdown of body ownership, limited to a specific body part; DD and PTSD are characterized by a more global disturbance of ownership, in which the body is no longer experienced as a lived presence; schizophrenia entails a disruption of agency and body schema, driven by failures in sensorimotor prediction; while AN originates in a distortion of body image shaped by the internalization of a self-objectifying gaze. Rather than reducing these manifestations to a single explanatory model, the chapter proposes a dynamic account of pathological disembodiment.

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Pathological Disembodiment

  • Giovanni Pennisi

摘要

This chapter argues that pathological disembodiment is not a homogeneous experience, but a structurally differentiated phenomenon resulting from distinct disruptions within the system that sustains bodily selfhood. Through the analysis of clinical conditions such as body integrity identity disorder (BIID), depersonalization/derealization disorder (DD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia, and anorexia nervosa (AN), the chapter shows that disembodiment emerges when specific dimensions of bodily subjectivity—body ownership, agency, body schema, or body image—become destabilized. Although these dimensions are conceptually distinct, they function as an integrated system; disruption in one domain often propagates through the others, producing complex patterns of bodily alienation. Each condition presents a different entry point into disembodiment: BIID involves a selective breakdown of body ownership, limited to a specific body part; DD and PTSD are characterized by a more global disturbance of ownership, in which the body is no longer experienced as a lived presence; schizophrenia entails a disruption of agency and body schema, driven by failures in sensorimotor prediction; while AN originates in a distortion of body image shaped by the internalization of a self-objectifying gaze. Rather than reducing these manifestations to a single explanatory model, the chapter proposes a dynamic account of pathological disembodiment.