This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to examine global trends and research hotspots in ecological textile processes, utilizing data from the Web of Science Core Collection (2000–2023). VOSviewer 1.6.14 was employed to analyze 396 articles, mapping keyword co-occurrence, international collaborations, authors, and intellectual bases. Key findings highlight frequent terms such as adsorption, biodegradation, equilibrium, and ecodesign, reflecting a focus on sustainable material science and process optimization. The sustained academic interest aligns with the United Nations’ sustainable development goals, emphasizing eco-friendly textile production. The analysis identifies leading journals, countries, and collaborative networks, revealing evolving research priorities. Scientifically, this study offers novel insights by systematically mapping the field’s intellectual structure, providing researchers in ecological design and textile arts with data-driven guidance. Practically, the synthesis of literature trends serves as a visual reference for understanding current advancements and future directions in ecological textile processes. This work contributes to enhancing ecological design standards in textile research, supporting the transition toward sustainable industrial practices.