This study explores design's critical role in optimizing cognitive health services to promote human-environment adaptation and enhance proactive health behavior effectiveness. Grounded in the Ecological Model of Aging, which emphasizes dynamic balance between individual competence and environmental stress, it analyzes five typical cases using the model's “competence-environmental stress-behavioral effectiveness” framework. Aiming to stimulate behavioral effectiveness through relational adaptation, the research identifies how design fosters service effectiveness and constructs logical links among competence, stress, and outcomes. It systematically summarizes five service design approaches: macro-cultural, appearance mechanism, meso-scene, micro-experience, and temporal dynamic design. Covering vision guidance, mechanism collaboration, scene interaction, experience enhancement, and dynamic feedback, these approaches expand the methodology, drive innovation in cognitive health services, and provide a new theoretical framework.