Aeronautical manufacturers are continually looking for solutions to develop the properties of aluminum parts. To improve the mechanical and tribological performance, the anodizing process creates an oxide layer film Al2O3 on aluminum alloy substrates. The oxide layer morphology and microstructure are influenced by anodizing process parameters. This paper investigates the anodizing applied current (J) effect on the oxide layer scratch resistance on the 7075 and the 2017A-aluminum alloy substrates. The oxide layer formation was carried out with different applied current (J) from 1 to 3 A/dm2 using sulfuric acid bath during 30 min reaction time. Micro-scratch tests, with progressive load, were realized. To analyze the oxide layer thickness, cross-section SEM observations were performed for different applied current (1, 2 and 3 A/dm2). In addition, the friction coefficient (COF) and the penetration depth (PD) were measured during the micro-scratch test. An empirical modeling with linear regression was employed to explore how variations in anodization current affect the evolution of friction coefficients across different aluminum alloys. Based on the experimental results, the oxide layer friction coefficient on the 7075-aluminum alloy is lower than that on the 2017A-aluminum alloy. Also, the increase of the anodizing applied current (J) decreases the oxide layer friction coefficient and increases the oxide layer thickness on both aluminum alloy substrates (7075 and 2017A). The aluminum alloy additional elements influence the oxide layer formation, its microstructure and consequently its tribological performance.