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This research focuses on synthesizing and characterizing chitosan beads as sustainable adsorbent materials in industrial applications. Chitosan, a biodegradable and non-toxic biopolymer derived from chitin, was chosen for its environmental friendliness and ability to promote green industrial practices. The beads were made using the ionic gelation process, with glutaraldehyde, epichlorohydrin, and PEG acting as crosslinking agents to create stable, spherical structures. The cross-linked beads were grafted individually with ethylene acrylic acid (GCCH), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (GCCS), and 4-amino benzoic acid (GCCX). A thorough evaluation was conducted to assess the synthesized beads’ physicochemical properties. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of essential functional groups and effective crosslinking. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a porous surface appropriate for future functionalization. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) study showed a surface area compatible with materials intended for adsorption. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed good thermal stability, confirming the beads’ usefulness for various industrial conditions, and the crystallinity was revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The study suggests the creation of durable and eco-friendly chitosan beads with desirable qualities for industrial applications is possible.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Beads as a Sustainable Adsorbent for Industrial Applications

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ephraim Igberase,
  • Innocentia G. Mkhize,
  • Hilary Limo Rutto

摘要

This research focuses on synthesizing and characterizing chitosan beads as sustainable adsorbent materials in industrial applications. Chitosan, a biodegradable and non-toxic biopolymer derived from chitin, was chosen for its environmental friendliness and ability to promote green industrial practices. The beads were made using the ionic gelation process, with glutaraldehyde, epichlorohydrin, and PEG acting as crosslinking agents to create stable, spherical structures. The cross-linked beads were grafted individually with ethylene acrylic acid (GCCH), ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (GCCS), and 4-amino benzoic acid (GCCX). A thorough evaluation was conducted to assess the synthesized beads’ physicochemical properties. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the presence of essential functional groups and effective crosslinking. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a porous surface appropriate for future functionalization. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) study showed a surface area compatible with materials intended for adsorption. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed good thermal stability, confirming the beads’ usefulness for various industrial conditions, and the crystallinity was revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The study suggests the creation of durable and eco-friendly chitosan beads with desirable qualities for industrial applications is possible.