This chapter presents practical evidence about smart cities. It starts with the analysis of smart technologies that deliver smart city services, ranging from tangible (smart utilities and city facilities) to intangible services (i.e., government, health etc.). Furthermore, it explores the fundamental and the most impactful technologies that are utilized for smart city implementation, including typical ICT systems and emerging systems. It follows up with a classification of the smart city services, and it uses them to demonstrate how smart cities followed alternative pattern paths in their evolution and transformation. Then it explores smart city standards to depict how these technologies are homogenized and evolve into industrial assets. Finally, it analyzes numerous real smart city cases, starting with literature evidence and concluding with empirical findings, to conclude the gap between smart city utopia to smart city reality. These findings show how each case evolved in time, while they return comparable findings in terms of both context and size.

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The Smart City in Practice

  • Leonidas G. Anthopoulos

摘要

This chapter presents practical evidence about smart cities. It starts with the analysis of smart technologies that deliver smart city services, ranging from tangible (smart utilities and city facilities) to intangible services (i.e., government, health etc.). Furthermore, it explores the fundamental and the most impactful technologies that are utilized for smart city implementation, including typical ICT systems and emerging systems. It follows up with a classification of the smart city services, and it uses them to demonstrate how smart cities followed alternative pattern paths in their evolution and transformation. Then it explores smart city standards to depict how these technologies are homogenized and evolve into industrial assets. Finally, it analyzes numerous real smart city cases, starting with literature evidence and concluding with empirical findings, to conclude the gap between smart city utopia to smart city reality. These findings show how each case evolved in time, while they return comparable findings in terms of both context and size.