Metaphor plays a crucial role in how humans understand abstract concepts by mapping concrete experiences from a source domain onto a target domain. As an interactive and multimodal medium, digital games offer unique potential for conveying metaphor through procedural rules and immersive experience. However, many existing games rely heavily on narrative rather than embodied interaction, limiting their ability to stimulate cognitive reflection. This study proposes a design framework for experiential metaphor in games, grounded in situated cognition theory. Based on this framework, we developed Subway Migration, an immersive prototype that explores themes such as social structure, identity, and control through spatial loops and role transitions. A small-scale user study was conducted with participants from design and psychology backgrounds, using a mixed-methods approach that included pre-/post-questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Results suggest that the game enhances players’ cognitive awareness, enriches their sensory experience, and encourages reflective engagement. This work provides practical guidance for integrating metaphor into game design and demonstrates the potential of experiential metaphor to support deeper player meaning-making and critical thinking within interactive environments.

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“To Feel, Not to Tell”: Using Experiential Metaphors in Game Narrative as a Method for Cognitive Enhancement

  • Yishan Duan,
  • Jialu Ni,
  • Xuezhu Wang,
  • Yao Lu,
  • Xiaohan Dong

摘要

Metaphor plays a crucial role in how humans understand abstract concepts by mapping concrete experiences from a source domain onto a target domain. As an interactive and multimodal medium, digital games offer unique potential for conveying metaphor through procedural rules and immersive experience. However, many existing games rely heavily on narrative rather than embodied interaction, limiting their ability to stimulate cognitive reflection. This study proposes a design framework for experiential metaphor in games, grounded in situated cognition theory. Based on this framework, we developed Subway Migration, an immersive prototype that explores themes such as social structure, identity, and control through spatial loops and role transitions. A small-scale user study was conducted with participants from design and psychology backgrounds, using a mixed-methods approach that included pre-/post-questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Results suggest that the game enhances players’ cognitive awareness, enriches their sensory experience, and encourages reflective engagement. This work provides practical guidance for integrating metaphor into game design and demonstrates the potential of experiential metaphor to support deeper player meaning-making and critical thinking within interactive environments.