Dentistry is a fundamental discipline within equine veterinary medicine, due to the direct impact that oral health has on the general welfare, nutrition and performance of animals. Although horses have been the main focus of study and clinical attention, there is a growing need to deepen the dental knowledge of other equine species, particularly donkeys and mules. These species present some significant anatomical and physiological differences with respect to horses, which condition the clinical presentation, handling, diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases. It is noteworthy that in recent years, dentistry dedicated to horses has developed as a specialty of its own in many parts of the world, while at the same time it has allowed the implementation of both new knowledge at the diagnostic level and treatments, which in turn has developed a technology within the reach of professionals that was previously obsolete.