The relationship between plants and people in relation to domestication has changed a lot. Today, domesticated plants can be classified into different groups. Among these is the Brassica genus as it includes oil plants, vegetables and spices consumed widely by humans. Their survival and propagation are human-dependent, because we are responsible for increasing crop production but at the same time are strongly affecting the ecological issues. Botanical studies have provided much data on the background of different crops. Sustainable plant cultivation helps us to fulfil the food availability and increase the food security, but we have to be cautious and work hard to reduce our impact on the ecological footprint in order to make arrangements for a sustainable future; otherwise, our ecosystems will crash down. The plants are involved directly as a part of the biodiversity by maintaining ecosystem balance, thereby affecting climate change and mitigating global warming. Our agriculture is facing challenges because crop yields are seriously affected by climate change, and this has been going on for decades now (Vavilov 1949; Ozturk et al. 2019, 2025; Mukherjee et al. 2025).