One of the biggest challenges that the world faces today is pollution. The impact of pollution is currently seen around us in the form of damage to the biota. These damages are reflected in the biochemical profile of the organisms depending on the time and quantity of exposure to such pollutants. Studies have reported that both long-term and short-term exposure to pollutants change the internal biochemistry of the cells being exposed, with research being done on humans as well as other model systems like zebra fish. Interestingly, these studies have reported that the effect of pollution causes changes in the lipid profile of these organisms owing to the interaction of the lipids with the pollutants. Many of these studies have reported using analytical techniques like LC-MS, IR and Raman spectroscopy for detecting these changes in the lipid profile in the organisms. These identified molecules can serve as biomarkers for environmental pollution. The use of such biomarkers as indicators to pollution is especially beneficial, as it not only determines the presence of these pollutants but also detects the effect of these pollutants at the molecular, cellular and organism levels. The present chapter focuses on understanding how lipids serve as biomarkers for detection of environmental pollutants and how we can efficiently harness these as tools towards quick and efficient indicators of detecting pollution levels.