Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels mainly owing to lifestyle habits such as overeating and a lack of exercise. One approach for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes is through exercise; however, patients often face challenges in finding time to sufficiently exercise. Thus, options where patients can exercise while working are currently being investigated. Active workstations, where a patient can work at a desk while performing aerobic exercises, have been considered. However, previous studies have shown that users have difficulty in balancing physical activity and work. Therefore, a more viable option may be walking meetings, where participants hold discussions while walking, because precision manipulation is not required and the physical activity does not interfere with cognitive loads. Furthermore, walking meetings may encourage divergent thinking, thus improving productivity and creativity. However, walking meetings are limited by distance- and weather-related restrictions as well as difficulties in note-taking. To address these issues, this study investigated the effectiveness of walking meetings occurring in a virtual reality (VR) environment using a 360° treadmill. Experiments were conducted to investigate the differences between walking and the associated divergent thinking when participants walked in real space and in a VR environment. The results reveal remarkable differences in walking but not in divergent thinking.