Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) is an evidence-based psychological intervention designed to cultivate compassion, regulate emotional distress, and counteract self-criticism. Rooted in evolutionary psychology, attachment theory, and affective neuroscience, CFT emphasises the balance of three emotional regulation systems: the threat, drive, and soothing systems. Individuals prone to self-criticism often exhibit an overactive threat system and an underdeveloped soothing system. CFT seeks to address this imbalance through various therapeutic techniques, including compassionate imagery, acting, letter writing, breathing exercises, and mindfulness-based practices. This chapter explores the theoretical foundations of CFT, its practical applications in therapy, and its effectiveness in addressing conditions such as personality disorders, PTSD, eating disorders, and chronic health conditions. An example of cross-cultural adaptation of CFT is provided. By fostering self-compassion and emotional resilience, CFT offers a transformative approach to psychological healing. Specific CFT techniques are introduced to inform practical applications.