This chapter explores recent advancements in ED management, encompassing pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. Oral pharmacological therapies, particularly PDE5 inhibitors, remain the cornerstone of ED treatment. Emerging agents targeting dopamine receptors, melanocortin receptors, soluble guanylate cyclase, and the RhoA/Rho kinase pathway offer promising alternatives for patients unresponsive to current medications. Topical treatments, primarily alprostadil, provide alternative options with rapid onset, despite challenges such as skin irritation and penetration efficiency. Non-pharmacological therapies, including low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiSWT), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), stem cell therapy, and gene therapy, are gaining traction by addressing underlying causes of ED and promoting tissue regeneration. These innovative approaches show potential, though further research is needed to establish standardized protocols and confirm long-term efficacy and safety. Surgical interventions, notably penile prostheses, have improved significantly in design and materials, enhancing reliability and patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, issues like infection and patient dissatisfaction persist. Advances in material science, infection control, and innovative designs, such as heat-sensitive polymers, offer potential solutions. The treatment landscape for ED is rapidly evolving, driven by a deeper understanding of the condition’s pathophysiology and the development of novel therapies. Continuous research and clinical trials are crucial to refine these treatments, ensuring they meet diverse patient needs and pave the way for more effective, personalized, and patient-friendly solutions for managing erectile dysfunction.