This introductory chapter provides an overview of the areas covered in the book. It starts with definitions of key terms, including dress and fashion. The contemporary context of the fashion industry is then described, highlighting the industry’s growth in recent decades, its important economic and cultural role in society, and the ethical and environmental challenges it presents. It also describes how the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated some of these challenges, for example the environmental impact and the precariousness of the industry’s workforce. The chapter then brings fashion and psychology together by introducing applied psychology in fashion—arguably more known to the general public as fashion psychology. The authors demonstrate how this subdiscipline of psychology can help address the fashion industry’s challenges, steering the industry towards a more positive, healthy, and sustainable future. They also provide a brief historical account of psychologists’ interactions with and investigations of fashion, demonstrating that this area is not new; it has existed for over a century. While acknowledging the contributions of several scholars in the field, they highlight the contribution of this book as the first to provide a comprehensive research-informed overview of applications of psychology to fashion. The chapter concludes with an outline of the book’s purpose and scope, as well as its structure.