Flooding is one of the most destructive disasters, and its frequency and intensity are increasingly linked to climate change. Rising global temperatures are intensifying the hydrological cycle, leading to more extreme precipitation events, sea level rise, and altered weather patterns, all of which contribute to increased flood risks. Coastal areas face heightened risks due to storm surges and higher sea levels, while inland regions are vulnerable to flash floods and riverine flooding due to intense rainfall. The impacts of climate change on flood dynamics not only threaten human lives and infrastructure but also disrupt ecosystems and exacerbate socio-economic inequalities. Innovative flood management strategies, including improved forecasting models, resilient infrastructure, and sustainable urban planning, are becoming critical in mitigating the risks. This review explores the interconnectedness between climate change and flooding, highlighting the need for adaptive strategies that incorporate both technological advances and policy frameworks to safeguard communities against the growing flood threat. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach that integrates climate mitigation, nature-based solutions, and equitable disaster preparedness measures. The negative effects of floods can be reduced by implementing various mitigation strategies at the community level and household. Developing effective policies and alternatives to mitigate floods and reduce states’ vulnerability to adaptation and strengthening local adaptive capacity is important. Developing an effective flood mitigation strategy requires a comprehensive understanding of regional risks, adaptive capacity, existing initiatives, and current needs.