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Marine and coastal environments are indispensable for biodiversity and climate change mitigation, threatening by anthropogenic pollutants such as radionuclides, heavy metals, microplastics among other organic and inorganic pollutants. Advanced and innovative approaches and methodologies are required to assess and trace pollutants origins, quantify and evaluate impacts, and inform decision making concerning sustainable mitigation and management strategies. The present chapter analyze the critical role of nuclear and isotopic methods in addressing organic and inorganic pollution in coastal environments. The analysis revealed the role of radionuclides such as 137Cs and 210Pb in reconstructing pollution history, identifying trends and potential sources to linking contamination significant levels to specific anthropogenic activities. Stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) enable pollutants origins distinction and differentiating agricultural runoff from industrial discharges while emerging applications involve stable isotope fingerprinting of microplastics to trace the sources of polymer and isotopic tracers (e.g., 3H, 129I) for modeling dispersion of pollutant in ocean currents. Through bridging scientific innovation with policy frameworks, nuclear and isotopic techniques provide a roadmap for mitigating marine pollution, increasing ecosystem resilience, and safeguarding life below water and thus human health.

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An Analysis of the Application of Nuclear and Isotopic Approaches for the Monitoring of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Souad Nasrdine,
  • Nezha Mejjad,
  • Jamal Mabrouki,
  • Youssef El Mourabit,
  • Miloudia Slaoui

摘要

Marine and coastal environments are indispensable for biodiversity and climate change mitigation, threatening by anthropogenic pollutants such as radionuclides, heavy metals, microplastics among other organic and inorganic pollutants. Advanced and innovative approaches and methodologies are required to assess and trace pollutants origins, quantify and evaluate impacts, and inform decision making concerning sustainable mitigation and management strategies. The present chapter analyze the critical role of nuclear and isotopic methods in addressing organic and inorganic pollution in coastal environments. The analysis revealed the role of radionuclides such as 137Cs and 210Pb in reconstructing pollution history, identifying trends and potential sources to linking contamination significant levels to specific anthropogenic activities. Stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) enable pollutants origins distinction and differentiating agricultural runoff from industrial discharges while emerging applications involve stable isotope fingerprinting of microplastics to trace the sources of polymer and isotopic tracers (e.g., 3H, 129I) for modeling dispersion of pollutant in ocean currents. Through bridging scientific innovation with policy frameworks, nuclear and isotopic techniques provide a roadmap for mitigating marine pollution, increasing ecosystem resilience, and safeguarding life below water and thus human health.