Hunting
摘要
Most animal advocates consider animal predation as normal in the sense that it is a lamentable feature of “nature”, and an inevitable consequences of the evolutionary struggle for survival. However, although human hunting also evolved naturally, they do not consider sport hunting ethically defensible in a humanitarian culture. The nonconformist discourse of creation as harmonious song regards both predation and hunting as unambiguously abnormal in the sense that both derive from the Fall. Animal cruelty is wickedness; pleasure derived from cruelty is egregious wickedness. Normative human behaviour is modelled upon shepherd dominion, not hunting dominion; holy pleasure stems from the admiration of God’s creation, not from another’s pain and death. In particular, nonconformist discourse had little good to say of the fighting, masterful virtues associated with hunting; not did it consider that bringing up children, usually boys, to hunt was a good way to produce just and compassion men. This chapter explores the consequences of nonconformist discourse for hunting, including its appropriation and transformation by contemporary Christians who claim a nonconformist heritage. Christian sport hunting inverts most of the qualities valued in nonconformist discourse. I suggest that the dominant discourse of hunting both generates great suffering, and also authorises and valorises gendered narratives of violence.