As transistors approach physical size constraints and we approach the limitations of Moore’s law, alternative computational architectures are being explored. One of the main contenders for these new systems is neuromorphic computing which mimics the human brain with its efficiency and high computational power density. This chapter presents an overview of neuromorphic systems and materials that are common in their development: VO2 and La0.7Sr0.3MnO3. In addition to a discussion on these materials and their properties, an overview of growth techniques and microscopy techniques for studying these systems is presented.